Association between loop electrosurgical excision procedure and adverse pregnancy outcomes: a meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the association between loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) and adverse pregnancy outcomes. METHODS: The databases including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Web of science were searched from inception to December 27th, 2020. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were utilized to calculate the association between LEEP and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Heterogeneity test was performed for each outcome effect amount. If I2 ≥ 50%, the random-effects model was conducted, otherwise, fixed-effects model was performed. Sensitivity analysis was performed on all outcomes. Publication bias was performed by Begg's test. RESULTS: A total of 30 studies containing 2,475,421 patients were included in this study. The results showed that patients who received the LEEP before pregnancy had a higher risk of preterm delivery (OR: 2.100, 95%CI: 1.762-2.503, p < .001), premature rupture of fetal membranes (OR: 1.989, 95%CI: 1.630-2.428, p < .001) and low birth weight infants (OR: 1.939, 95%CI: 1.617-2.324, p < .001) in comparison with controls. Subgroup analysis further found that prenatal LEEP treatment was associated with the risk of preterm birth subsequently. CONCLUSION: LEEP treatment before pregnancy may increase the risk of preterm delivery, premature rupture of fetal membranes and low birth weight infants. It is necessary to do a regular prenatal examination and early intervention in a timely manner to reduce the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes after LEEP.

Porous Electrospun Films with Reversible Photoresponsive Microenvironmental Humidity Regulation: A Controllable Hydrogen-Bonding Synergistic Effect Exhibited by Acrylic Acid Segments.

Suitable relative humidity is essential for the preservation of cultural relics, food storage, and so on. A special material that can regulate the relative humidity in the microenvironment is particularly important. In this work, several innovative electrospun films with reversible photoresponsive wettability and the ability to regulate microenvironmental relative humidity were prepared. The spiropyran unit of the synthesized copolymer played the most important role in humidity regulation due to its reversible transition between a nonpolar ring-closed state and a polar ring-opened state induced by alternating ultraviolet/visible illumination. More interestingly, the introduction of acrylic acid segments exhibited a controllable hydrogen bond synergistic effect for increasing the range of humidity regulation. The color change and the reversible change ranges of wettability and microenvironmental relative humidity under ultraviolet/visible irradiation are all closely related to the number of acrylic acid segments. Cassie theory, density functional theory (DFT), and interaction region indicator (IRI) analysis were used to characterize this phenomenon. Electrospinning is a promising method to achieve large-scale production that can put such material into practical applications.

The association between patient-reported readiness for hospital discharge and outcomes in patients diagnosed with anxiety disorders: A prospective and observational study.

WHAT IS KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT?: Readiness for hospital discharge (RHD) has been an important topic for nurses. RHD can be measured by the Readiness for Hospital Discharge Scale (RHDS), including 4 subscales: personal status, knowledge, coping ability and expected support. There are few studies that focus on RHD in patients diagnosed with mental disorders. WHAT DOES THE PAPER ADD TO EXISTING KNOWLEDGE?: Improving patient-reported RHD can decrease the risks of unscheduled post-discharge clinic visits, readmission and poor quality of life (QOL) in patients diagnosed with anxiety disorders. Improving patient-reported personal status can decrease the risk of poor QOL in patients diagnosed with anxiety disorders. Improving patient-reported knowledge can decrease the risks of unscheduled post-discharge clinic visits and readmission in patients diagnosed with anxiety disorders. Improving patient-reported expected support can decrease the risk of unscheduled post-discharge clinic visits in patients diagnosed with anxiety disorders. Improving the methods of discharge teaching and anxiety severity can enhance RHD in patients diagnosed with anxiety disorders. WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE?: Nurses could enhance patient-reported RHD to reduce unscheduled post-discharge medical resource utilization or improve QOL by facilitating knowledge acquisition and skill development and improving social support systems. Nurse managers could add RHD assessment to patients' discharge process and train nurses in the methods of discharge education. Nurses could advance their methods of discharge education, such as listening to and answering patients' questions, choosing a convenient time and engaging in online education. ABSTRACT: Introduction The association between readiness for hospital discharge (RHD) and post-discharge outcomes remains unclear in individuals with anxiety disorders. Aim To explore the factors of RHD and the effect of patient-reported RHD on post-discharge outcomes. Method In the observational study, 373 patients diagnosed with anxiety disorders completed the self-administered Readiness for Hospital Discharge Scale (RHDS) on discharge. After 30 days, phone interviews were conducted to collect data on post-discharge outcomes, including self-reported unscheduled medical service utilization, symptom severity and quality of life (QOL). Multiple logistic regression models were built to explore the relationships among sociodemographic characteristics, the RHDS and its subscales, and post-discharge outcomes. Results The unscheduled clinic visits were significantly associated with low RHD, knowledge and expected support. Readmission was significantly associated with low RHD and knowledge. Poor QOL was significantly associated with low RHD and personal status. Delivery, received content and anxiety severity were the predictors of RHD. Discussion Improved RHD is associated with fewer unscheduled clinic visits and readmissions and better QOL. Enhancing discharge education can improve RHD. Implications for practice Nurses should enhance patient-reported RHD to improve post-discharge outcomes by advancing the quality of discharge education in patients diagnosed with anxiety disorders.

[Wavelength selection of the oximetry based on test analysis of variance].

In order to improve the precision and reliability of the spectral measurement of blood oxygen saturation, and enhance the validity of the measurement, the method of test analysis of variance was employed. Preferred wavelength combination was selected by the analysis of the distribution of the coefficient of oximetry at different wavelength combinations and rational use of statistical theory. Calculated by different combinations of wavelengths (660 and 940 nm, 660 and 805 nm and 805 and 940 nm) through the clinical data under different oxygen saturation, the single factor test analysis of variance model of the oxygen saturation coefficient was established, the relative preferabe wavelength combination can be selected by comparative analysis of different combinations of wavelengths from the photoelectric volume pulse to provide a reliable intermediate data for further modeling. The experiment results showed that the wavelength combination of 660 and 805 nm responded more significantly to the changes in blood oxygen saturation and the introduced noise and method error were relatively smaller of this combination than other wavelength combination, which could improve the measurement accuracy of oximetry. The study applied the test variance analysis to the selection of wavelength combination in the blood oxygen result measurement, and the result was significant. The study provided a new idea for the blood oxygen measurements and other related spectroscopy quantitative analysis. The method of test analysis of variance can help extract the valid information which represents the measured values from the spectrum.

[Monte Carlo simulation based on diffuse hyperspectrum collection with detection fiber].

The present paper brings the parameters of the detection fiber into Monte Carlo model, and we studied the influence of fiber optic parameters and the distance of fiber from the detector on the detected optic signal,. The simulation results show that signals are obviously different when the NA (numerical aperture) and diameter of the fiber are different respectively. With the increase in NA and diameter of the fiber, the diffuse reflectance and diffuse transmission increase gradually. However, the distance from the sample surface, to some extent, brings little influence when we control it within 1 mm. By further study of the simulation result, we found that the collection efficient of the fiber is the same in different spatial positions. And the collection efficient of strong scattering material is a constant, in spite of absorption coefficient and scattering coefficient. We can normalize the diffuse signals collected by fibers with different angular aperture beta by the collection efficient. Meanwhile, this paper provided the fitting curve of the collection efficient in a certain range. For fibers with different diameters, we can get a good consistence by area normalization. Therefore, the research on the effects of the difference of the detection fiber on diffuse hyper-spectrum has great significance for practical measurement. And the detection results can be transplanted by collection efficient and area normalization when we change the actual detecting fiber.